Intermediate Grammar Project!

  Intermediate Grammar Project GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES GERUNDS They are verbs that are formed with the present participle form and adding -ing at the end. They can act like a noun, as an object after the verb, or as an object following a preposition. EXAMPLE ◈ You are running for the highest prize. ◈ He loves swimming in the Olympic pool. ◈ Sometimes I miss running with my friends on the soccer field.

  Intermediate Grammar Project COUNT AND NON-COUNT NOUNS What is a noun? Noun could be a person, a thing or a place. There are two types: countable or uncountable

  Intermediate Grammar Project ADJECTIVE CLAUSES What are Adjective clauses? Adjective clauses modify nouns, but they are special, because they can have their own subject and verb.

  Intermediate Grammar Project ABILITY MODALS What are Ability Modals? These modals are auxiliary verbs to express ideas, in this case: what you can or what you can’t do. There are:  can could  be able to

  Intermediate Grammar Project PHRASAL MODALS What are Phrasal Modals? Phrasal modal are modal verbs with two or more words. All of these modals have “to”. They are: > be able to (ability) > be allowed to (permission) > ought to (advice) > have to, have got to (necessity/obligation) Phrasal modals don’t follow the same the grammar rules of modals. NOTE: Pay attention when you need to use “have to”, “have got to” and “be able to” because these phrasal modals can change depending on the subject.

  Intermediate Grammar Project COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES COMPARATIVES Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between TWO objects. STRUCTURE Subject (noun) + verb + comparative + than + object (noun) FORMATION OF COMPARATIVES (regular) To irregular adjectives, there is a list where you can consult. Example: Little -> Less Bad -> worse EXAMPLES ◈ Mac reads faster than Amy. ◈ Gina says the blue skirt is more expensive than the black skirt.

  Intermediate Grammar Project PARTICIPLE ADJECTIVES What is participle adjectives? Some participles can be used as adjectives. To express how someone feels, the past participle is usually used, BUT to refer to the person, thing or situation that causes that feeling, the present participle is used. Past participle verbs ending in -ed Present participle verbs ending in -ing   Some examples: Past participle: confused, exhausted, tired Present participle: confusing, exhausting, tiring  Below, you can see a list with more examples: SENTENCES Physical education class is tiring. I want it to be over quickly! I'm too tired to go for the physical education class. Having a week's worth of work piled up is frustrating . He is frustrated because he has work pending.

  Intermediate Grammar Project PRESENT PERFECT ADVERBS What are the adverbs used in the present perfect? Once you have seen the image, read on for more information and examples!

  Intermediate Grammar Project PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR When we use since or for in Present Perfect? We use since/for ONLY when we talk about a specified time : when at the beginning the time is said, and it is focus on duration.

  Intermediate Grammar Project PRESENT PERFECT QUESTIONS What is the Present Perfect? To recapitulate, let us remember that the  Present Perfect is generally used to describe an action that began in the past and continues in the present. If you need more information about the present perfect, look in the other entries: Present Perfect Tense Below, you can see how you can formulate the questions depending on the case:

  Intermediate Grammar Project PRESENT PERFECT TENSE What is the Present Perfect? It is a verb tense that is generally used to describe an action that began in the past and continues in the present. It needs the auxiliary verb “have” in the present and a past participle. REMEMBER! We use have for: I, you, they, we We use has for: He, she, it

Intermediate Grammar Project PAST PARTICIPLES What is a past participle? Past participle is a type of verb that describes an event that has occurred in the past.